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The name "stigma" (στίγμα) was originally a common Greek noun meaning "a mark, dot, puncture" or generally "a sign", from the verb στίζω ("to puncture"). [25] It had an earlier writing-related special meaning, being the name for a dot as a punctuation mark, used for instance to mark shortness of a syllable in the notation of rhythm. [26]
Stigma was co-opted as a name specifically for the στ sign, evidently because of the acrophonic value of its initial st-as well as the analogy with the name of sigma. The numeral symbol, originally quite unrelated to the στ ligature, developed from the letter Ϝ, which stood for the sound /w/ in early pre-classical forms of the Greek ...
This requires 27 letters, so the 24-letter alphabet was extended by using three obsolete letters: digamma ϝ (also used are stigma ϛ or, in modern Greek, στ) for 6, qoppa ϙ for 90, and sampi ϡ for 900. This alphabetic system operates on the additive principle in which the numeric values of the letters are added together to form the total.
Early Greek print, from a 1566 edition of Aristotle. The sample shows the -os ligature in the middle of the second line (in the word μέθοδος), the kai ligature below it in the third line, and the -ou-ligature right below that in the fourth line, along many others. 18th-century typeface sample by William Caslon, showing a greatly reduced set of ligatures (-ου-in "τοῦ", end of first ...
Greek numerals, also known as Ionic, Ionian, Milesian, or Alexandrian numerals, is a system of writing numbers using the letters of the Greek alphabet.In modern Greece, they are still used for ordinal numbers and in contexts similar to those in which Roman numerals are still used in the Western world.
An alphabetic numeral system employs the letters of a script in the specific order of the alphabet in order to express numerals.. In Greek, letters are assigned to respective numbers in the following sets: 1 through 9, 10 through 90, 100 through 900, and so on.
Each letter had a numeric value also, inherited from the corresponding Greek letter. A titlo over a sequence of letters indicated their use as a number; usually this was accompanied by a dot on either side of the letter. [3] In numerals, the ones place was to the left of the tens place, the reverse of the order used in modern Arabic numerals. [3]
This is a list of letters of the Greek alphabet. The definition of a Greek letter for this list is a character encoded in the Unicode standard that a has script property of "Greek" and the general category of "Letter". An overview of the distribution of Greek letters is given in Greek script in Unicode.