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Stained glass window displaying Saint Bernard of Clairvaux at Camou-Cihigue, France.. De moribus et officio episcoporum (lit. ' On the morals and duties of bishops '), also known as the Letter 42, is a 12th-century epistle by French Catholic abbot Bernard of Clairvaux, addressed to the Archbishop of Sens Henri Sanglier.
In English and Scottish literature, the Four Daughters appear quite widely, for example in: [1] [2] Robert Grosseteste's Chasteu d'amour (thirteenth century), translated into Middle English as The King and his Four Daughters. [6] the Cursor Mundi (c. 1300) lines 9517-52; the English Gesta Romanorum (thirteenth- or fourteenth-century), number 55
Bernard of Clairvaux, O.Cist. (Latin: Bernardus Claraevallensis; 1090 – 20 August 1153), venerated as Saint Bernard, was an abbot, mystic, co-founder of the Knights Templar, [a] and a major leader in the reform of the Benedictines through the nascent Cistercian Order.
The Middle Coming (Latin: Adventus medius) is a concept in Christian mystical theology introduced by Bernard of Clairvaux, based on John 14. The idea was coined in the monk's third sermon of Advent, in which Bernard elaborates on the "three Advents of the Lord", namely that "to men, in men and against men". In his fifth sermon, the author ...
In a later generation, Southern argued, Bernard of Clairvaux refined and built on this, and the "imaginative following of the details of the earthly life of Jesus, and especially of the sufferings of the Cross, became part of that programme of progress from carnal to spiritual love which we have called the Cistercian programme."
The Vision of St Bernard, by Fra Bartolommeo, c. 1504 . Bernard of Clairvaux was one of the influential churchmen of his time. In the "Sermon on the Sunday in the Octave of the Assumption" he described Mary's participation in redemption. [11] Bernard's Praises on the Virgin Mother" was a small but complete treatise on Mariology. [12]
The first section deals directly with the Knights Templar. Bernard puts his weight firmly behind the Templars by comparing them with the regular knights of the age. He criticizes the ordinary knights for their vanity, wanton violence, and pointlessness. In contrast, he praises the Templars as noble, following a higher calling, fearless, and holy.
Within the twelfth-century Cistercian Order, alongside William of Saint-Thierry, St. Bernard of Clairvaux's mystical theology was greatly influenced by the work of Eriugena. His influence came to Bernard through two principal texts; i) Eriugena's translation of St. Maximus the Confessor. ii) De Divisione Naturae itself.