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Hip dysplasia in a Labrador Retriever Normal hips, for comparison. In dogs, hip dysplasia is an abnormal formation of the hip socket that, in its more severe form, can eventually cause lameness and arthritis of the joints. It is a genetic (polygenic) trait that is affected by environmental factors.
PennHIP (an acronym for "University of Pennsylvania Hip Improvement Program") is a program which evaluates the quality of the hips in dogs. [1] The program was established at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine by Gail Smith [2] in 1993, with the primary objective of reducing the prevalence of hip dysplasia in dogs. [3]
A dog uses its back to attain speed. The back's most flexible point is just over the loin area, and the tuck-up allows for the folding of the under portion of the dog's body. The rear legs overreach on the outside of the front legs. Essential for a fast dog is the ability to flex its back from a straight position to an arched position.
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Gait recognition is a type of behavioral biometric authentication that recognizes and verifies people by their walking style and pace. [25] [26] Advances in gait recognition have led to the development of techniques for forensics use since each person can have a gait defined by unique measurements such as the locations of ankle, knee, and hip. [27]
Sometimes during an exam a "click" or more precisely "clunk" in the hip may be detected [24] (although not all clicks indicate hip dysplasia). [25] When a hip click (also known as "clicky hips" in the UK) is detected, the child's hips are tracked with additional screenings [26] to determine if developmental dysplasia of the hip is caused. [27]
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Hip replacement is a surgical procedure performed in dogs and cats as a salvage procedure, to alleviate severe pain in the hip due to, for example, hip dysplasia or irreparable bone fracture. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The procedure replaces the head of the femur and the acetabulum with prosthetic implants. [ 1 ]