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Epicranial aponeurosis. Muscles of the head, face, and neck. (Epicranial aponeurosis visible at top labeled 1.) The epicranial aponeurosis (aponeurosis epicranialis, galea aponeurotica) is an aponeurosis (a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue). It covers the upper part of the skull in humans and many other animals.
The majority of neonatal cases (90%) result from applying a vacuum to the head at delivery (ventouse-assisted delivery).The vacuum assist ruptures the emissary veins (i.e., connections between dural sinus and scalp veins) leading to accumulation of blood under the aponeurosis of the scalp muscle and superficial to the periosteum.
The epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which anchors the above layers in place. It runs from the frontalis muscle anteriorly to the occipitalis posteriorly. L: Loose areolar connective tissue. This layer has a gel-like consistency, and allows the more superficial layers of the scalp to shift ...
Superficial muscular aponeurotic system. Superficial muscular aponeurotic system (or superficial musculoaponeurotic system[1]) (SMAS) is a thin yet tough [2]: 438 unitary tissue plane of the face [3] formed by facial fasciae, subcutis connective tissue, and facial muscles. [2]: 438 Its composition varies, containing muscle fibres in some areas ...
From these attachments the fibers are directed upward, and join the galea aponeurotica below the coronal suture. The medial margins of the frontalis muscles are joined together for some distance above the root of the nose; but between the occipitales there is a considerable, though variable, interval, occupied by the galea aponeurotica.
Aponeurosis. An aponeurosis (/ ˌæpənjʊəˈroʊsɪs /; pl.: aponeuroses) is a flattened tendon [1] by which muscle attaches to bone or fascia. [2] Aponeuroses exhibit an ordered arrangement of collagen fibres, thus attaining high tensile strength in a particular direction while being vulnerable to tensional or shear forces in other ...
The next layer is the galea Aponeurotica, which separates the underlying bone and the overlying layers. The large blood vessels and nerves of the scalp do not pierce this layer. [4] L oose connective tissue between the periosteum and the aponeurosis makes these two rigid structures easily slide over each other and contribute to skin movement.
The occipitofrontalis muscle (epicranius muscle) is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. It consists of two parts or bellies: the occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone. It is supplied by the supraorbital artery, the supratrochlear artery, and the occipital artery.