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River anticlines form when huge amounts of material are removed by river erosion in an area with low crustal rigidity. The crust rebounds up specifically along the river, while the rest of the area remains relatively constant. This will bend the crust forming an anticline, which can take up to ten thousand years. [7]
All anticlines and synclines have some degree of plunge. Periclinal folds are a type of anticlines that have a well-defined, but curved hinge line and are doubly plunging and thus elongate domes. [5] Model of anticline. Oldest beds are in the center and youngest on the outside. The axial plane intersects the center angle of bend.
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Formation of a river anticline by river erosion and the associated isostatic rebound. As the river erodes the overlying material, the underlying rocks will rebound up, like a block in water if you remove a weight from on top of it, forming an antiformal structure. (Image created by Michael Stevens)
Columbia River Basin. Wallula Gap (/ w ə ˈ l uː l ə /) is a large water gap of the Columbia River in the Northwestern United States, in Southeastern Washington.It cuts through the Horse Heaven Hills basalt anticlines in the Columbia River Basin, just south of the confluence of the Walla Walla and Columbia rivers.
The anticline runs west 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the River Test near Lockerley along the northern rim of the Hampshire Basin, to the south of a narrow strip of palaeogene rocks, the Alderbury-Mottisfont Syncline. [1] [2] At the eastern end under the Test Valley it is cut by the northward-swinging Portsdown Anticline.
The landmark is characterized by a series of steep-sided ridges in the Columbia River basalt which are cut through axially by the Yakima River. A water gap was cut by the Yakima River through anticlines named "Manastash Ridge" and "Umtanum Ridge". These anticlines are part of the Yakima Fold Belt near the western edge of the Columbia River Plateau.
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