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  2. Beneficence (ethics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beneficence_(ethics)

    The antonym of this term, maleficence, describes a practice that opposes the welfare of any research participant. According to the Belmont Report , researchers are required to follow two moral requirements in line with the principle of beneficence: do not harm and maximize possible benefits for research while minimizing any potential harm on ...

  3. Deontology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deontology

    In moral philosophy, deontological ethics or deontology (from Greek: δέον, 'obligation, duty' + λόγος, 'study') is the normative ethical theory that the morality of an action should be based on whether that action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules and principles, rather than based on the consequences of the action. [1]

  4. Critique of Judgment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_Judgment

    The good is essentially a judgment that something is ethical — the judgment that something conforms with moral law, which, in the Kantian sense, is essentially a claim of modality — a coherence with a fixed and absolute notion of reason. It is in many ways the absolute opposite of the agreeable, in that it is a purely objective judgment ...

  5. Good and evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_and_evil

    The good is the right relation between all that exists, and this exists in the mind of the Divine, or some heavenly realm. The good is the harmony of a just political community, love, friendship, the ordered human soul of virtues, and the right relation to the Divine and to Nature. The characters in Plato's dialogues mention the many virtues of ...

  6. Criticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism

    La Crítica, a 1906 self-portrait by Julio Ruelas where criticism is depicted as a creature atop his head. Criticism is the construction of a judgement about the negative or positive qualities of someone or something.

  7. Good moral character - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_moral_character

    Good moral character is an ideal state of a person's beliefs and values that is considered most beneficial to society. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In United States law, good moral character can be assessed through the requirement of virtuous acts or by principally evaluating negative conduct.

  8. Judicial activism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_activism

    Judicial activism is a judicial philosophy holding that courts can and should go beyond the applicable law to consider broader societal implications of their decisions. It is sometimes used as an antonym of judicial restraint. [1]

  9. Critique - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique

    Philosophy is the application of critical thought, [3] and is the disciplined practice of processing the theory/praxis problem.In philosophical contexts, such as law or academics, critique is most influenced by Kant's use of the term to mean a reflective examination of the validity and limits of a human capacity or of a set of philosophical claims.