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Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula N H 4 Cl, also written as [NH 4]Cl. It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride. It consists of ammonium cations [NH 4] + and chloride anions Cl −. It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic.
In aqueous solution, ammonia deprotonates a small fraction of the water to give ammonium and hydroxide according to the following equilibrium: . NH 3 + H 2 O ⇌ NH + 4 + OH −.. In a 1 M ammonia solution, about 0.42% of the ammonia is converted to ammonium, equivalent to pH = 11.63 because [NH +
Molecular structure Point group: C 3v: Bond length: 101.2 pm (N–H) [1] Bond angle: 106.7° (H–N–H) [1] Bond strength: 435 kJ/mol (H–NH 2) Crystal data Crystal structure? Properties Dipole moment: 1.46 D: Dielectric constant: 22 ε 0 at 239 K Magnetic susceptibility: diamagnetic Acidity of NH 4 + (pK a) 9.25
Ammonium is a modified form of ammonia that has an extra hydrogen atom. It is a positively charged molecular ion with the chemical formula NH + 4 or [NH 4] +.It is formed by the addition of a proton (a hydrogen nucleus) to ammonia (NH 3).
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical ...
What we see is formulations like "a 3:1 mixture of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) with hydrogen peroxide" (from article on Piranha solution). What does this say about stoichiometry? This suggests that "ammonium hydroxide" (NH4OH) should be used (if at all) only if it is really about ammonia (NH3) and water (H2O) in a 1:1 ratio, right?
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The [NH 3]/[H 2] ratio has been estimated to range from 10 −7 in small dark clouds [176] up to 10 −5 in the dense core of the Orion molecular cloud complex. [177] Although a total of 18 total production routes have been proposed, [ 178 ] the principal formation mechanism for interstellar NH 3 is the reaction: