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A standard test of cerebellar function is to reach with the tip of the finger for a target at arm's length: A healthy person will move the fingertip in a rapid straight trajectory, whereas a person with cerebellar damage will reach slowly and erratically, with many mid-course corrections. Deficits in non-motor functions are more difficult to ...
They develop in the cerebellar primordium that covers the fourth ventricle and below a fissure-like region called the isthmus of the developing brain. Purkinje cells migrate toward the outer surface of the cerebellar cortex and form the Purkinje cell layer. Purkinje cells are born during the earliest stages of cerebellar neurogenesis.
Cerebellar granule cells form the thick granular layer of the cerebellar cortex and are among the smallest neurons in the brain. (The term granule cell is used for several unrelated types of small neurons in various parts of the brain.) Cerebellar granule cells are also the most numerous neurons in the brain: in humans, estimates of their total ...
The only excitatory neurons present in the cerebellar cortex are granule cells. [10] Plasticity of the synapse between a parallel fiber and a Purkinje cell is believed to be important for motor learning. [11] The function of cerebellar circuits is entirely dependent on processes carried out by the granular layer.
Tensor network theory is a theory of brain function (particularly that of the cerebellum) that provides a mathematical model of the transformation of sensory space-time coordinates into motor coordinates and vice versa by cerebellar neuronal networks. The theory was developed by Andras Pellionisz and Rodolfo Llinas in the 1980s as a ...
The cerebellum, or "little brain," is a portion of the brain attached to the brainstem at the pons. Among other functions, it is important for balance, coordinating movement, and maintaining muscle tone. [5] The outer layer of the cerebellum, the cortex, is made up of three layers containing two classes of neurons.
Model of Cerebellar Perceptron, 1971. Diagram of the CMAC system, 1975. In 1971, he published a new theory of cerebellar function [6] that modified and extended a previous theory published by David Marr in 1969.
The cerebellum's anterior and posterior lobes appear to play a role in the coordination and smoothing of complex motor movements, and the flocculonodular lobe in the maintenance of balance [36] although debate exists as to its cognitive, behavioural and motor functions.