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Researchers have typically investigated infrahumanisation by looking at the types of emotions people believe ingroup and outgroup members possess. [3] Some emotions are considered unique to humans (e.g., love, regret, nostalgia), whereas others are viewed as common to both humans and animals (e.g., joy, anger, sadness).
[1] [2] [3] A practical definition refers to it as the viewing and the treatment of other people as though they lack the mental capacities that are commonly attributed to humans. [4] In this definition, every act or thought that regards a person as "less than" human is dehumanization. [5] Dehumanization is one form of incitement to genocide. [6]
Rehumanization is the process by which one reverses the damage done by dehumanization.That is, in individuals or groups, the process of rehabilitating one’s way of perceiving the other(s) in question in one’s mind and in consequent behavior.
To counter this, Hawking emphasizes either self-design of the human genome or mechanical enhancement (e.g., brain-computer interface) to enhance human intelligence and reduce aggression, without which he implies human civilization may be too stupid collectively to survive an increasingly unstable system, resulting in societal collapse.
It is possible to produce a humanized antibody without creating a chimeric intermediate. "Direct" creation of a humanized antibody can be accomplished by inserting the appropriate CDR coding segments (so-called 'donor', responsible for the desired binding properties) into a human antibody "scaffold" (so-called 'acceptor').
Moral conversion, according to Lonergan, is one of three different types of conversion along with the intellectual and the religious conversion. [9] From a causal point of view, it is the difference between varying levels of consciousness leading to a higher sense of responsibility for the world.
A form of forced conversion became institutionalized during the Ottoman Empire in the practice of devşirme, [105] a human levy in which Christian boys were seized and collected from their families (usually in the Balkans), enslaved, forcefully converted to Islam, and then trained as elite military unit within the Ottoman army or for high ...
Religious conversion should by applied to and approved by authorised registration boards. The law prohibits application "for conversion to a new religion with the intent of insulting, degrading, destroying or misusing any religion," the penalty of violation of which is two-year imprisonment or a fine of 200,000 Kyats, or both. [3]