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For example, in a recipe that calls for 10 pounds of flour and 5 pounds of water, the corresponding baker's percentages are 100% for the flour and 50% for the water. Because these percentages are stated with respect to the weight of flour rather than with respect to the weight of all ingredients, the sum of these percentages always exceeds 100%.
It usually contains between 2% and 5% of an anti-caking agent—such as corn starch, potato starch or tricalcium phosphate [1] [2] —to absorb moisture, prevent clumping, and improve flow. Although most often produced in a factory, a proxy for powdered sugar can be made by processing ordinary granulated sugar in a coffee grinder , or by ...
Water is evaporated from the milk and sugar is added until a 9:11 ratio of sugar to (evaporated) milk is reached. The sugar extends the shelf life of sweetened condensed milk. Sucrose increases the liquid's osmotic pressure, which prevents microorganism growth. The sweetened evaporated milk is cooled and lactose crystallization is induced. [20]
Of that weight, 2% milk holds 5 grams of fat and whole milk contains 8 grams. So whole milk isn't much fattier than 2%. In fact, a gallon of 2% has more than half the fat as a gallon of whole milk.
Today, most skim milk is created by spinning whole milk in a centrifuge so that the fat droplets separate out. [6] To make low fat milk, one can simply mix skim and whole milk in a fixed ratio. [7] Higher-fat milk can be created by mixing whole milk with cream, as in half and half. [8]
Due to the low fat content of whey the yield is not high, with typically two to five parts of butter manufactured from the whey of 1,000 parts milk. [10] Whey cream and butter are suitable for making butter-flavoured food, as they have a stronger flavour of their own. They are also cheaper to manufacture than sweet cream and butter.
Whole milk had plain silver foil, semi-skimmed milk had silver foil with red stripes and skimmed milk silver foil with a blue checker pattern. [2] In the United States, milk is marketed primarily by fat content and available in these varieties: [4] Whole milk is 3.5% fat; 2% Reduced-fat milk; 1% Lowfat milk
Food coloring is sometimes added to butter. [2] Rendering butter, removing the water and milk solids, produces clarified butter, or ghee, which is almost entirely butterfat. Butter is a water-in-oil emulsion resulting from an inversion of the cream, where the milk proteins are the emulsifiers.