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Radon transform. Maps f on the (x, y)-domain to Rf on the (α, s)-domain.. In mathematics, the Radon transform is the integral transform which takes a function f defined on the plane to a function Rf defined on the (two-dimensional) space of lines in the plane, whose value at a particular line is equal to the line integral of the function over that line.
In theory, the inverse Radon transformation would yield the original image. The projection-slice theorem tells us that if we had an infinite number of one-dimensional projections of an object taken at an infinite number of angles, we could perfectly reconstruct the original object, f ( x , y ) {\displaystyle f(x,y)} .
An inverse problem in science is the process of calculating from a set of observations the causal factors that produced them: for example, calculating an image in X-ray computed tomography, source reconstruction in acoustics, or calculating the density of the Earth from measurements of its gravity field.
A geometrical interpretation of the Abel transform in two dimensions. An observer (I) looks along a line parallel to the x axis a distance y above the origin. What the observer sees is the projection (i.e. the integral) of the circularly symmetric function f(r) along the line of sight.
Gassmann's equations are a set of two equations describing the isotropic elastic constants of an ensemble consisting of an isotropic, homogeneous porous medium with a fully connected pore space, saturated by a compressible fluid at pressure equilibrium.
A three dimensional form of the pressure spectrum may be combined with the Young–Laplace equation to show that: [8] G ( k ) ∝ k − 19 / 3 . {\displaystyle G(k)\propto k^{-19/3}.} Experimental observation of this k −19/3 law has been obtained by optical measurements of the surface of turbulent free liquid jets.
The way in which a Fourier transform changes x-t data into x-ω (ω is angular frequency) data shows why phase velocity dominates surface wave inversion theory. Phase velocity is the velocity of each wave with a given frequency. The modified wavefield transform is executed by doing a Fourier transform first before a slant stack.
A real-valued Radon measure is defined to be any continuous linear form on K (X); they are precisely the differences of two Radon measures. This gives an identification of real-valued Radon measures with the dual space of the locally convex space K (X). These real-valued Radon measures need not be signed measures.