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Molecular mechanism of a gene drive based on Cas9 and guide RNA. At the molecular level, an endonuclease gene drive works by cutting a chromosome at a specific site that does not encode the drive, inducing the cell to repair the damage by copying the drive sequence onto the damaged chromosome.
This limited generation evolution is achieved by the drive mechanically using elements that affect each other. An example is a three element daisy chain; element C would be used to activate element B, element B would be used to activate element A. Element C would be the original guide molecule put into the DNA sequence by using molecular scissors with the molecule attached.
Maternal effect dominant embryonic arrest (Medea) is a selfish gene composed of a toxin and an antidote. A mother carrying Medea will express the toxin in her germline, killing her progeny.
Molecular drive is a term coined by Gabriel Dover in 1982 to describe evolutionary processes that change the genetic composition of a population through DNA turnover mechanisms.
CRISPR-Cas9. CRISPR gene editing (CRISPR, pronounced / ˈ k r ɪ s p ə r / (crisper), refers to a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats") is a genetic engineering technique in molecular biology by which the genomes of living organisms may be modified.
Concerted evolution (phenomenon of duplicated genes) may often be caused by the genetic exchange known as gene conversion. [3] This other phenomenon is known as the "non-reciprocal exchange of genetic material between homologous sequences."
The different generations of nucleases used for genome editing and the DNA repair pathways used to modify target DNA. Genome editing, or genome engineering, or gene editing, is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, deleted, modified or replaced in the genome of a living organism.
Meiotic drive is a type of intragenomic conflict, whereby one or more loci within a genome will affect a manipulation of the meiotic process in such a way as to favor the transmission of one or more alleles over another, regardless of its phenotypic expression.