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Intron-mediated enhancement (IME) is the ability of an intron sequence to enhance the expression of a gene containing that intron. In particular, the intron must be present in the transcribed region of the gene for enhancement to occur, differentiating IME from the action of typical transcriptional enhancers . [ 1 ]
An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is not expressed or operative in the final RNA product. The word intron is derived from the term intragenic region, i.e., a region inside a gene. [1] The term intron refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and the corresponding RNA sequence in RNA transcripts. [2]
SCN1A contains a poison exon within intron 20. [12] The promoter has been identified 2.5 kilobase pairs upstream of the transcription start site, and the 5'- untranslated exons may enhance expression of the SCN1A gene in SH-SY5Y cells, a human cell line derived from a neuroblastoma .
The first intron to be identified as distinct from group I was the ai5γ group IIB intron, which was isolated in 1986 from a pre-mRNA transcript of the oxi 3 mitochondrial gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [10] A subset of group II introns encode essential splicing proteins, known as intron-encoded proteins or IEPs, in intronic ORFs. The length ...
The mS1247 twintron represents the first recorded fungal mitochondrial mixed twintron consisting of group II intron as an internal intron and a group I intron as an external intron. In mS1247 twintron, splicing of the internal group IIA1 intron reconstitutes the open reading frame encoded within the group IC2 intron and thus facilitates the ...
Splicing of group I introns is processed by two sequential transesterification reactions. [3] First an exogenous guanosine or guanosine nucleotide (exoG) docks onto the active G-binding site located in P7, and then its 3'-OH is aligned to attack the phosphodiester bond at the "upstream" (closer to the 5' end) splice site located in P1, resulting in a free 3'-OH group at the upstream exon and ...
In 1989, David A. Christopher and Richard B. Hallick found a few more examples and proposed the name "Group III introns" to identify this new class with the following characteristics: [5] Group III introns are much shorter than other self-splicing intron classes, ranging from 95 to 110 nucleotides amongst those known to Christopher and Hallick ...
Exon trapping or 'gene trapping' is a molecular biology technique that exploits the existence of the intron-exon splicing to find new genes. [13] The first exon of a 'trapped' gene splices into the exon that is contained in the insertional DNA .