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The Compagnies franches de la marine (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃paɲi fʁɑ̃ʃ də la maʁin]; previously known as Troupes de la marine, later renamed and reorganized as Troupes coloniales and then Troupes de Marine) were an ensemble of autonomous infantry units attached to the French Royal Navy (French: marine royale) bound to serve both on land and sea.
In France, the first specific troupe was created in 1622 by Cardinal Richelieu, under the designation of « Compagnie Ordinaire de la Marine ». These companies were theoretically in numbers of 100, each with for a Captain with Lieutenant de Vaisseau and for a Lieutenant one Enseigne de vaisseau de 1 re Classe. [2]
The troupes de marine were tasked with insuring the French presence in its Asian, African, and American colonies. The revolutionary period saw a definite division in 1792 between the reconstituted troupes de marine and the ships of the navy. Under Napoleon, the troupes de marine were used primarily as line infantry.
Officer of Régiment de Carignan-Salières. Troupes de la Marine Compagnies Franches de la Marine. French Army. Carignan-Salières Regiment (Régiment de Carignan-Salières) – volunteer army unit (1665–1668) François Cottineau, dit Champlaurier, a member of this unit and ancestor of PM Sir Wilfrid Laurier; 176 soldiers and 4 officers 1740s
Compagnie Ordinaire de la Mer, another corps maintained by the French Navy to protect its ships; Régiment de La Marine, the above formed into a regiment which later became the French Army's 11th Infantry Regiment, The Troupes de la Marine were transferred to the French Army and renamed Troupes coloniales from 1900 - 1960
Both services were however administered by the Ministre de la Marine and shared an anchor badge. This insignia continued to be worn after the Troupes de la Marine became the Troupes Coloniales in 1900 and photographs of mehariste (camel corps) troopers taken in the 1950s show anchor badges even in the Mauritanian desert far from
The 1st Marine Infantry Regiment (French: 1 er régiment d'infanterie de marine, 1 er RIMa) is a French regiment heir of the colonial infantry.The regiment is one of the quatre vieux regiments of the Troupes de Marine, with the 2nd Marine Infantry Regiment 2 e RIMa, the 3rd Marine Infantry Regiment 3 e RIMa, as well the 4th Marine Infantry Regiment 4 e RIMa (dissolved in 1998).
The banner is decorated with the Cross of the Legion of Honor, the Croix de Guerre 1914-1918 (two palms), the Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 (three palms) and the Cross of Liberation. He is entitled to use the forage in the colors of ribbon the Croix de Guerre 1914 1918 since August 13, 1918, with olive-colored ribbon for the Croix de Guerre 1939-1945.