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Annelids are members of the protostomes, one of the two major superphyla of bilaterian animals – the other is the deuterostomes, which includes vertebrates. [68] Within the protostomes, annelids used to be grouped with arthropods under the super-group Articulata ("jointed animals"), as segmentation is obvious in most members of both phyla.
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; Appearance. move to sidebar hide Bloodworm Glycera. List of ... [1] Class Polychaeta
Segmentation in animals typically falls into three types, characteristic of different arthropods, vertebrates, and annelids. Arthropods such as the fruit fly form segments from a field of equivalent cells based on transcription factor gradients. Vertebrates like the zebrafish use oscillating gene expression to define segments known as somites
The arthropod head problem has until recently been predicated on the Articulata theory, i.e. that the arthropods and annelids are close relatives. Although arthropods are essentially direct developers that do not possess a trochophore-like larva, the annelids do.
The Spiralia are a morphologically diverse clade of protostome animals, including within their number the molluscs, annelids, platyhelminths and other taxa. [4] The term Spiralia is applied to those phyla that exhibit canonical spiral cleavage, a pattern of early development found in most members of the Lophotrochozoa.
Lophotrochozoa (/ l ə ˌ f ɒ t r oʊ k oʊ ˈ z oʊ ə /, "crest/wheel animals") is a clade of protostome animals within the Spiralia. The taxon was established as a monophyletic group based on molecular evidence. [2] [3] The clade includes animals like annelids, molluscs, bryozoans, and brachiopods. [4]
The annelids, collectively called Annelida, are a large phylum of animals, comprising the segmented worms, with about 15 000 modern species including the well-known earthworms and leeches The main article for this category is Annelid .
Planulozoa is a clade of animals that includes the superphyla Cnidaria (jellyfish, hydrozoans, sea anemones, corals, etc.) and the Bilateria (all complex animals with bilateral symmetry, including arthropods, molluscs, vertebrates, etc.). [2] [3] The designation Planulozoa may be considered a synonym to ParaHoxozoa, which also contains Placozoa ...