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The most severe meteorological droughts were in the years 1876, 1899, 1918, 1965, and 2000, while the five worst hydrological droughts occurred in the years 1876, 1899, 1918, 1965, and 2000. The drought of 1899 can be classified as meteorological as well as hydrological and was the most severe documented drought India has ever experienced to date.
Employing almost 44% of India's working population, agriculture is one of the most important occupations in India. Consequently, up to 80% of the groundwater in India is used for irrigation. [37] The Indian Agriculture Institute has been promoting the drip irrigation technology to relieve the water scarcity in India for decades. The technology ...
The drought of 1979–1980 in West Bengal was the next major drought and caused a 17% decline in food production with a shortfall of 13.5 million tonnes of food grain. Stored food stocks were leveraged by the government, and there was no net import of food grains. The drought was relatively unknown outside of India. [146]
The country accounts for 18% of the world's population but has access to only about 4% of the world's water resources. One of the proposed measures to address India's water challenges is the Indian Rivers Interlinking Project. [2] Approximately 80% of India's land area receives rainfall of 750 millimetres (30 in) or more annually.
India was ranked seventh among the list of countries most affected by climate change in 2019. [1] India emits about 3 gigatonnes CO 2eq of greenhouse gases each year; about two and a half tons per person, which is less than the world average. [2] The country emits 7% of global emissions, despite having 17% of the world population. [3]
India's rice exports could jump to 14 million tonnes in 2020, up from last year's 9.9 million tonnes, the lowest in eight years, said B.V. Krishna Rao, president of the Rice Exporters Association.
The Indian meteorological department has declared that water cycle will be more intense, with higher annual average rainfall as well increased drought in future years. [16] A 20% rise in monsoon over most states is also predicted. [17] A 2 °C rise in global average temperature will make Indian monsoon highly unpredictable. [18]
Map of India with Maharashtra State in red. In January 2013, the Indian government reported that 7,896 villages in Maharashtra were affected by drought. [2] In a region near the Bhima River in Maharashtra, the years leading up to the drought in 2013 recorded below average annual rainfall: in 2011, slightly below average, and in 2012, the lowest since 2003.