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  2. Tyndallization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyndallization

    Tyndallization is a process from the nineteenth century for sterilizing substances, usually food, named after its inventor John Tyndall, that can be used to kill heat-resistant endospores.

  3. Autoclave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoclave

    An autoclave is a machine used to carry out industrial and scientific processes requiring elevated temperature and pressure in relation to ambient pressure and/or temperature. Autoclaves are used before surgical procedures to perform sterilization and in the chemical industry to cure coatings and vulcanize rubber and for hydrothermal synthesis ...

  4. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

    Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]

  5. Moist heat sterilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moist_heat_sterilization

    Moist heat causes destruction of micro-organisms by denaturation of macromolecules, primarily proteins. Destruction of cells by lysis may also play a role. While "sterility" implies the destruction of free-living organisms which may grow within a sample, sterilization does not necessarily entail destruction of infectious matter.

  6. Autoclave tape - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoclave_tape

    Autoclave tape is an adhesive tape used in autoclaving (heating under high pressure with steam to sterilise) to indicate whether a specific temperature has been reached. [1] Autoclave tape works by changing color after exposure to temperatures commonly used in sterilization processes, typically 121°C in a steam autoclave.

  7. List of human microbiota - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_microbiota

    The healthy uterine microbiome has been identified and over 278 genera have been sequenced. Bacteria species like Fusobacterium are typically found in the uterus. [12] Although Lactobacillus may be beneficial in the vagina, “increased levels in the uterus through a breach in the cervical barrier” may be harmful to the uterus. [13]

  8. Geobacillus stearothermophilus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobacillus_stearothermophilus

    Geobacillus stearothermophilus (previously Bacillus stearothermophilus) [1] [2] is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacterium and a member of the phylum Bacillota.The bacterium is a thermophile and is widely distributed in soil, hot springs, ocean sediment, and is a cause of spoilage in food products.

  9. List of life sciences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_life_sciences

    Biology is the overall natural science that studies life, with the other life sciences as its sub-disciplines. Some life sciences focus on a specific type of organism. For example, zoology is the study of animals, while botany is the study of plants. Other life sciences focus on aspects common to all or many life forms, such as anatomy and ...