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  2. Empirical evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_evidence

    Empirical evidence is essential to a posteriori knowledge or empirical knowledge, knowledge whose justification or falsification depends on experience or experiment. A priori knowledge, on the other hand, is seen either as innate or as justified by rational intuition and therefore as not dependent on empirical evidence.

  3. Empirical research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_research

    Empirical evidence (the record of one's direct observations or experiences) can be analyzed quantitatively or qualitatively. Quantifying the evidence or making sense of it in qualitative form, a researcher can answer empirical questions, which should be clearly defined and answerable with the evidence collected (usually called data ).

  4. Empiricism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricism

    In philosophy, empiricism is an epistemological view which holds that true knowledge or justification comes only or primarily from sensory experience and empirical evidence. [1] It is one of several competing views within epistemology, along with rationalism and skepticism.

  5. A priori and a posteriori - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori

    [ii] A posteriori knowledge depends on empirical evidence. Examples include most fields of science and aspects of personal knowledge. The terms originate from the analytic methods found in Organon, a collection of works by Aristotle. Prior analytics (a priori) is about deductive logic, which comes from definitions and first principles.

  6. Evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence

    Empirical evidence (in science) In scientific research evidence is accumulated through observations of phenomena that occur in the natural world, or which are ...

  7. Efficacy of prayer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficacy_of_prayer

    [2] [3] [4] Dr. Fred Rosner, an authority on Jewish medical ethics, has expressed doubt that prayer could ever be subject to empirical analysis. [5] Basic philosophical questions bear upon the question of the efficacy of prayer – for example, whether statistical inference and falsifiability are sufficient to "prove" or to "disprove" anything ...

  8. Scientific evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_evidence

    Scientific evidence is evidence that serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis, [1] although scientists also use evidence in other ways, such as when applying theories to practical problems. [2] Such evidence is expected to be empirical evidence and interpretable in accordance with the scientific method.

  9. Evidence-based practice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based_practice

    Evidence-based education (EBE), also known as evidence-based interventions, is a model in which policy-makers and educators use empirical evidence to make informed decisions about education interventions (policies, practices, and programs). [27] In other words, decisions are based on scientific evidence rather than opinion.