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Polyethylene terephthalate is produced largely from purified terephthalic acid (PTA), as well as to a lesser extent from (mono-)ethylene glycol (MEG) and dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). [ 41 ] [ 5 ] As of 2022, ethylene glycol is made from ethene found in natural gas , while terephthalic acid comes from p-xylene made from crude oil .
Polyethylene terephthalate can be hydrolyzed to terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol under high temperature (200-300 °C) and pressure. The resultant crude terephthalic acid can be purified by recrystallization to yield material suitable for re-polymerization:
Virtually the entire world's supply of terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate are consumed as precursors to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). World production in 1970 was around 1.75 million tonnes. [8] By 2006, global purified terephthalic acid (PTA) demand had exceeded 30 million tonnes.
BoPET (biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate) is a polyester film made from stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and is used for its high tensile strength, [1] chemical stability, [1] dimensional stability, [2] transparency [1] reflectivity, and electrical insulation. [1] When metallized, it has [3] gas and moisture barrier ...
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE, Terylene, Dacron) is the main substance used to package bottled water and many sodas. Products containing PETE are labeled "Type 1" (with a "1" in the recycle triangle). Although the word "phthalate" appears in the name, PETE does not use phthalates as plasticizers.
Amorphous polyethylene terephthalate film BO-PET Biaxial-oriented polyethylene terephthalate film. A comparable small market segment (much less than 1 million tonnes/year) of polyester is used to produce engineering plastics and masterbatch.
HDPE is known for its high strength-to-density ratio. [4] The density of HDPE ranges from 930 to 970 kg/m 3. [5] Although the density of HDPE is only marginally higher than that of low-density polyethylene, HDPE has little branching, giving it stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength (38 MPa versus 21 MPa) than LDPE. [6]
20 cents for glass containers, polyethylene terephthalate, Tetra Pak and Bag-in-a-Box of volumetric capacity over 630 mL, and aluminum or steel cans over 1 L. Exemptions to those include containers with a capacity of 100 mL or less, [5] those purchased at U-Vint, U-Brew, and duty-free shops, [5] [6] and those purchased before 5 February 2007. [5]
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