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Plaque commemorating J. J. Thomson's discovery of the electron outside the old Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge Autochrome portrait by Georges Chevalier, 1923 Thomson c. 1920–1925 Thomson was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) [ 24 ] [ 49 ] and appointed to the Cavendish Professorship of Experimental Physics at the Cavendish ...
By 1890, J.J. Thomson had his own version called the "nebular atom" hypothesis, in which atoms were composed of immaterial vortices and suggested similarities between the arrangement of vortices and periodic regularity found among the chemical elements. [6] Thomson's discovery of the electron in 1897 changed his views.
The prevailing model of atomic structure before Rutherford's experiments was devised by J. J. Thomson. [2]: 123 Thomson had discovered the electron through his work on cathode rays [3] and proposed that they existed within atoms, and an electric current is electrons hopping from one atom to an adjacent one in a series.
J. J. Thomson begins his study of positive rays. 1906 Thomson is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics "in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases" 1913 Thomson is able to separate particles of different mass-to-charge ratios.
Discovery of the ultraviolet radiation below 200 nm, named vacuum ultraviolet (later identified as photons) because it is strongly absorbed by air, by the German physicist Victor Schumann [2] 1895 X-ray produced by Wilhelm Röntgen (later identified as photons) [3] 1897 Electron discovered by J. J. Thomson [4] 1899
A 1905 diagram by J. J. Thomson illustrating his hypothesized arrangements of electrons in an atom, ranging from one to eight electrons. The arrangement of seven electrons in a pentagonal dipyramid. Atoms were thought to be the smallest possible division of matter until 1899 when J. J. Thomson discovered the electron through his work on cathode ...
The debate was resolved in 1897 when J. J. Thomson measured the mass of cathode rays, showing they were made of particles, but were around 1800 times lighter than the lightest atom, hydrogen. Therefore, they were not atoms, but a new particle, the first subatomic particle to be discovered, which he originally called " corpuscle " but was later ...
Several important early physics discoveries were made here, including the discovery of the electron by J.J. Thomson (1897) the Townsend discharge by John Sealy Townsend, and the development of the cloud chamber by C.T.R. Wilson. Ernest Rutherford became Director of the Cavendish Laboratory in 1919.