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  2. Kinetic theory of gases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_theory_of_gases

    In kinetic theory of gases, the mean free path is the average distance traveled by a molecule, or a number of molecules per volume, before they make their first collision. Let σ {\displaystyle \sigma } be the collision cross section of one molecule colliding with another.

  3. Thermal physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_physics

    Thermal physics, generally speaking, is the study of the statistical nature of physical systems from an energetic perspective. Starting with the basics of heat and temperature, thermal physics analyzes the first law of thermodynamics and second law of thermodynamics from the statistical perspective, in terms of the number of microstates corresponding to a given macrostate.

  4. Ludwig Boltzmann - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Boltzmann

    Boltzmann's kinetic theory of gases was one of the first attempts to explain macroscopic properties, such as pressure and temperature, in terms of the behaviour of individual atoms and molecules. Although many chemists were already accepting the existence of atoms and molecules, the broader physics community took some time to embrace this view.

  5. Kinetic theory of gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Kinetic_theory_of_gas&...

    Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Redirect to: Kinetic theory of gases; Retrieved from " ...

  6. Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell–Boltzmann...

    The kinetic theory of gases applies to the classical ideal gas, which is an idealization of real gases. In real gases, there are various effects (e.g., van der Waals interactions , vortical flow, relativistic speed limits, and quantum exchange interactions ) that can make their speed distribution different from the Maxwell–Boltzmann form.

  7. Charles's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles's_law

    The law was named after scientist Jacques Charles, who formulated the original law in his unpublished work from the 1780s.. In two of a series of four essays presented between 2 and 30 October 1801, [2] John Dalton demonstrated by experiment that all the gases and vapours that he studied expanded by the same amount between two fixed points of temperature.

  8. Mean free path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_free_path

    Kinetic theory of gases [ edit ] In the kinetic theory of gases , the mean free path of a particle, such as a molecule , is the average distance the particle travels between collisions with other moving particles.

  9. Gas laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_laws

    The laws describing the behaviour of gases under fixed pressure, volume, amount of gas, and absolute temperature conditions are called gas laws.The basic gas laws were discovered by the end of the 18th century when scientists found out that relationships between pressure, volume and temperature of a sample of gas could be obtained which would hold to approximation for all gases.