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In terms of writing systems, Ethiopia's principal orthography is the Ge'ez script, employed as an abugida for several of the country's languages. For instance, it was the primary writing system for Afan Oromo until 1991.
Saho language; Saho–Afar languages; Sebat Bet Gurage language; Seze language; Shakacho language; Sheko language; Shinasha language; Sidama language; Siltʼe language; Soddo language; Somali language; Southern Oromo language; Suri language; Surmic languages
Ethio-Semitic (also Ethiopian Semitic, Ethiosemitic, Ethiopic or Abyssinian [2]) is a family of languages spoken in Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Sudan. [1] They form the western branch of the South Semitic languages , itself a sub-branch of Semitic , part of the Afroasiatic language family .
Until 2020 Amharic was the sole official language of Ethiopia. [18] [19] [3] [20] [21] The 2007 census reported that Amharic was spoken by 21.6 million native speakers in Ethiopia. [22] More recent sources state the number of first-language speakers in 2018 as nearly 32 million, with another 25 million second-language speakers in Ethiopia. [11]
Ethiopia's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups. Most people in Ethiopia speak Afro-Asiatic languages, mainly of the Cushitic and Semitic branches. The former includes the Oromo and Somali, and the latter includes the Amhara and Tigray. Together these four groups make up three-quarters of the population.
Highland East Cushitic or Burji-Sidamo is a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in south-central Ethiopia. They are often grouped with Lowland East Cushitic, Dullay, and Yaaku as East Cushitic. The most popular language is Sidama, with close to two million speakers. The languages are:
Over 1.2 million speakers of Hadiyya, making it one of the ten major languages in Ethiopia. It is a Highland East Cushitic language of the Afroasiatic family. Most speakers live in the Hadiya Zone of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region (SNNPR). [2] The language has four recognized dialects—Leemo, Badawacho, Shashogo, and ...
The North Omotic (Nomotic) or Ta-Ne Omotic languages, are a group of languages spoken in Ethiopia. Glottolog considers Ta-Ne-Omotic to be an independent language family, whereas older classifications may link it to the Omotic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family, though this affiliation is disputed.