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Following his death in 44 CE, however, Judaea reverted to direct Roman rule under procurators, with its administrative territory expanded to encompass Judea, Samaria, Idumaea, Galilee and Perea. [ 29 ] [ 33 ] His son, Agrippa II , ruled Chalcis and held authority over the Jerusalem Temple, including appointing and removing High Priests.
However, only Caligula's death at the hands of Roman conspirators in 41 prevented a full-scale war in Judaea, that might have spread to the rest of the eastern part of the empire. [ 51 ] Caligula's death did not stop the tensions completely, and in 46 an insurrection led by two brothers, the Jacob and Simon uprising , broke out in the Judea ...
King Orodes II sent a Parthian force under Prince Pacorus I and Pompeian General Quintus Labienus in 40 BC to invade the eastern Roman territories while Antony was in Egypt. Roman soldiers in Syria, many of whom had fought against Caesar during the last civil war, joined the force, and the Levant and much of Asia Minor were swiftly overrun by ...
Herod the Great's siege of Jerusalem (37 or 36 BC) [i] was the final step in his campaign to secure the throne of Judea.Aided by Roman forces provided by Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony), Herod was able to capture the city and depose Antigonus II Mattathias, ending Hasmonean rule.
Simon bar Giora (alternatively known as Simeon bar Giora or Simon ben Giora or Shimon bar Giora, Imperial Aramaic: שִׁמְעוֹן בַּר גִּיּוֹרָא or Hebrew: שִׁמְעוֹן בֵּן גִּיּוֹרָא; died 71 CE) was the leader of one of the major Judean rebel factions during the First Jewish–Roman War in 1st-century Roman Judea, who vied for control of the Jewish ...
The Herodian Kingdom [1] [2] was a client state of the Roman Republic ruled from 37 to 4 BCE by Herod the Great, who was appointed "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate. [3] When Herod died, the kingdom was divided among his sons into the Herodian Tetrarchy.
The Battle of Beth Horon was a military engagement fought in 66 CE between the Roman army and Jewish rebels in the early phase of the First Jewish–Roman War. [1] During the event, the Syrian Legion Legio XII Fulminata with auxiliary support headed by Legate of Syria Cestius Gallus was ambushed by a large force of Judean rebel infantry at the passage of Beth Horon, on their retreat from ...
"Hadrian stationed an extra legion in Judaea, renaming it Syria Palaestina." [2] This was following the defeat of the Bar Kokhba Revolt in 135.The Syria-based legion, Legio III Gallica, took part in the quelling of the revolt from 132 to 136, and in the aftermath, the emperor Hadrian renamed the province of Judea and its extra legion Syria Palaestina.