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  2. Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multistate_Professional...

    Only 50 are scored; the other 10 (randomly scattered throughout the exam) are used for experimental purposes. The raw score is converted to a "scaled score" based on the measured difficulty of the version of the test taken; the scaled score is used to determine passing scores. Scaled scores range between 50 and 150, with a median very close to 100.

  3. Percentile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile

    In statistics, a k-th percentile, also known as percentile score or centile, is a score (e.g., a data point) below which a given percentage k of arranged scores in its frequency distribution falls ("exclusive" definition) or a score at or below which a given percentage falls ("inclusive" definition); i.e. a score in the k-th percentile would be above approximately k% of all scores in its set.

  4. Percentile rank - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile_rank

    Percentile ranks are not on an equal-interval scale; that is, the difference between any two scores is not the same as between any other two scores whose difference in percentile ranks is the same. For example, 50 − 25 = 25 is not the same distance as 60 − 35 = 25 because of the bell-curve shape of the distribution. Some percentile ranks ...

  5. Normal curve equivalent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_curve_equivalent

    The reason for the choice of the number 21.06 is to bring about the following result: If the scores are normally distributed (i.e. they follow the "bell-shaped curve") then the normal equivalent score is 99 if the percentile rank of the raw score is 99; the normal equivalent score is 50 if the percentile rank of the raw score is 50;

  6. Sten scores - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sten_scores

    Percentiles are the percentile of the sten score (which is the mid-point of a range of z-scores). Sten scores (for the entire population of results) have a mean of 5.5 and a standard deviation of 2.

  7. Standard score - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_score

    Comparison of the various grading methods in a normal distribution, including: standard deviations, cumulative percentages, percentile equivalents, z-scores, T-scores. In statistics, the standard score is the number of standard deviations by which the value of a raw score (i.e., an observed value or data point) is above or below the mean value of what is being observed or measured.

  8. Standard normal table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_normal_table

    Example: To find 0.69, one would look down the rows to find 0.6 and then across the columns to 0.09 which would yield a probability of 0.25490 for a cumulative from mean table or 0.75490 from a cumulative table. To find a negative value such as -0.83, one could use a cumulative table for negative z-values [3] which yield a probability of 0.20327.

  9. Robust measures of scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust_measures_of_scale

    One of the most common robust measures of scale is the interquartile range (IQR), the difference between the 75th percentile and the 25th percentile of a sample; this is the 25% trimmed range, an example of an L-estimator. Other trimmed ranges, such as the interdecile range (10% trimmed range) can also be used.