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The cross-race effect is thought to contribute to difficulties in cross-race identification, as well as implicit racial bias. [2] A number of theories as to why the cross-race effect exists have been conceived, including social cognition and perceptual expertise. However, no model has been able to fully account for the full body of evidence. [3]
Cross-race effect; Curse of knowledge; Diderot effect; Dunning–Kruger effect; Einstellung effect; Endowment effect; Face superiority effect; False fame effect; False-consensus effect; False-uniqueness effect; Fan effect; Florence Nightingale effect; Flynn effect; Focusing effect; Framing effect; Generation effect; Golem effect; Google effect ...
Cross-race effect: The tendency for people of one race to have difficulty identifying members of a race other than their own. Egocentric bias: Recalling the past in a self-serving manner, e.g., remembering one's exam grades as being better than they were, or remembering a caught fish as bigger than it really was. Euphoric recall
The perceptual expertise hypothesis states that the cross-race effect is due to lack of exposure to other cultures and is not hard-wired. Strong evidence for this hypothesis is a decreasing cross-race effect in immigrants that have assimilated to a culture for a few years. [2]
Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other witnessed dramatic event. [1] Eyewitness testimony is often relied upon in the judicial system.It can also refer to an individual's memory for a face, where they are required to remember the face of their perpetrator, for example. [2]
Reconstructing the face of another race requires the use of schemas that may not be as developed and refined as those of the same race. [26] The cross-race effect is the tendency that people have to distinguish among other of their race than of other races. Although the exact cause of the effect is unknown, two main theories are supported.
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The eyewitness should also be told that they do not have to choose one of the people from the lineup. Including these details has shown to result in fewer misidentifications. [ 2 ] The lineup sometimes takes place in a room for the purpose, one which may feature a one-way mirror to allow a witness to remain anonymous, and may include markings ...