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Colorimetry is "the science and technology used to quantify and describe physically the human color perception". [1] It is similar to spectrophotometry, but is distinguished by its interest in reducing spectra to the physical correlates of color perception, most often the CIE 1931 XYZ color space tristimulus values and related quantities.
Chromaticity consists of two independent parameters, often specified as hue (h) and colorfulness (s), where the latter is alternatively called saturation, chroma, intensity, [1] or excitation purity. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This number of parameters follows from trichromacy of vision of most humans, which is assumed by most models in color science .
As most definitions of color difference are distances within a color space, the standard means of determining distances is the Euclidean distance.If one presently has an RGB (red, green, blue) tuple and wishes to find the color difference, computationally one of the easiest is to consider R, G, B linear dimensions defining the color space.
In color science, the dominant wavelength is a method of approximating a color's hue. Along with purity , it makes up one half of the Helmholtz coordinates. A color's dominant wavelength is the wavelength of monochromatic spectral light that, if plotted in a chromaticity diagram, the straight line that passes through the color in question and ...
The Munsell color system, showing: a circle of hues at value 5 chroma 6; the neutral values from 0 to 10; and the chromas of purple-blue (5PB) at value 5. In colorimetry , the Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three properties of color: hue (basic color), value ( lightness ), and chroma (color intensity).
The Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue Color Vision test is a color vision test often used to test for color blindness.The system was developed by Dean Farnsworth in the 1940s and it tests the ability to isolate and arrange minute differences in various color targets with constant value and chroma that cover all the visual hues described by the Munsell color system. [1]
The concept of a color system with a hue was explored as early as 1830 with Philipp Otto Runge's color sphere. The Munsell color system from the 1930s was a great step forward, as it was realized that perceptual uniformity means the color space can no longer be a sphere. As a convention, the hue for red is set to 0° for most color spaces with ...
Chrominance is measured using two methods—color saturation, encoded as the amplitude, or gain, of the subcarrier signal, and hue, encoded as the subcarrier's phase. The vectorscope's graticule roughly represents saturation as distance from the center of the circle, and hue as the angle, in standard position, around it.