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Vibratory pile hammers contain a system of counter-rotating eccentric weights, powered by hydraulic motors, and designed so that horizontal vibrations cancel out, while vertical vibrations are transmitted into the pile. The pile driving machine positioned over the pile with an excavator or crane, and is fastened to the pile by a clamp and/or bolts.
Splicing timber piles is still quite common and is the easiest of all the piling materials to splice. The normal method for splicing is by driving the leader pile first, driving a steel tube (normally 60–100 cm long, with an internal diameter no smaller than the minimum toe diameter) half its length onto the end of the leader pile.
These sensors are connected to an instrument (such as a pile driving analyzer), that records, processes and displays data and results. As long as the wave travels in one direction, force and velocity are proportional and related by the expression F = Zv, where: Z = EA/c is the pile impedance; E is the pile material modulus of elasticity
Franki piles can be installed raked (or sloped) with a tilt of up to 4:1. [5] Raked Franki piles are always reinforced and are particularly suitable for structures subject to dynamic forces. [1] Driving methods such as open-ended coring, rock socketing, and composite shaft construction are occasionally used to overcome unique site problems. [3]
Pile integrity testing using low-strain tests such as the TDR (Transient Dynamic Response) method, is a rapid way of assessing the continuity and integrity of concrete piled foundations. The test measures: pile length, or depth to anomalies; pile head stiffness; pile shaft mobility, which is dependent on pile section and concrete properties
Dynamic load testing is a high strain dynamic test which can be applied after pile installation for concrete piles. For steel or timber piles, dynamic load testing can be done during installation or after installation. The procedure is standardized by ASTM D4945-00 Standard Test Method for High Strain Dynamic Testing of Piles.
The model mathematically represents the pile driving hammer and all its accessories (ram, cap, and cap block), as well as the pile, as a series of lumped masses and springs in a one-dimensional analysis. The soil response for each pile segment is modeled as viscoelastic-plastic. The method was first developed in the 1950s by E.A. Smith of the ...
The Danish pile-driving formula is a formula which enables one to have a good gauge of the bearing capacity of a driven pile. History The formula was constructed by ...