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An epinephrine autoinjector (or adrenaline autoinjector, also known by the trademark EpiPen) is a medical device for injecting a measured dose or doses of epinephrine (adrenaline) by means of autoinjector technology. It is most often used for the treatment of anaphylaxis. The first epinephrine autoinjector was brought to market in 1983.
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a medication and hormone. [10] [11] As a medication, it is used to treat several conditions, including anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, asthma, and superficial bleeding. [8] Inhaled epinephrine may be used to improve the symptoms of croup. [12] It may also be used for asthma when other treatments are not ...
There are ongoing efforts to develop sublingual epinephrine to treat anaphylaxis. Trials of sublingual epinephrine, currently called AQST-108 (dipivefrin) and sponsored by Aquestive Therapeutics, are in phase 1 trials as of December 2021. [10] [70] Subcutaneous injection of the anti-IgE antibody omalizumab is being studied as a method of ...
Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies (such as insect bites) and asthma. [1] [2] Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergens in an attempt to change the immune system's response.
If multiple systems are involved, then anaphylaxis can take place, which is an acute, systemic reaction that can prove fatal. Treatment usually involves adrenaline (epinephrine) because it counteracts anaphylaxis by increasing blood flow and relaxing bronchial muscles that block one’s airways. [7]
Some medications are formulated as injector pens to quicken the onset of action of the medication. This includes epinephrine, which when used to treat anaphylaxis must work as soon as possible. [19] Contrary to most other injector pens, epinephrine injector pens are designed to administer the medication via intramuscular injection. [19]
The rate of systemic absorption of bupivacaine and other local anesthetics is dependent upon the dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine in the preparation. [29] Onset of action (route and dose-dependent): 1–17 min
The ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) is a US system of medical classification used for procedural coding.The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the agency responsible for maintaining the inpatient procedure code set in the U.S., contracted with 3M Health Information Systems in 1995 to design and then develop a procedure classification system to replace Volume 3 of ICD-9-CM.