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Inferior alveolar nerve block (abbreviated to IANB, and also termed inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia or inferior dental block) is a nerve block technique which induces anesthesia (numbness) in the areas of the mouth and face innervated by one of the inferior alveolar nerves which are paired on the left and right side.
During dental procedures, a local nerve block may be applied. Anaesthetic injected near the mandibular foramen to block the inferior alveolar nerve and the nearby lingual nerve (supplying the tongue). This causes loss of sensation on the same side as the block to: the teeth (inferior alveolar nerve block) the lower lip and chin (mental nerve block)
The inferior alveolar nerve block is probably one of the most common methods used by dentist to anaesthetise the mandibular teeth in adults. This technique aims to inject the needle and deposit local anaesthetic close to the nerve before it enters the mandibular foramen, which locates on the medial aspect of the mandibular ramus.
The inferior alveolar nerve to anaesthetise all of the teeth in the mandibular arch; The long buccal nerve which supplies the soft tissue buccally to the mandibular molars; The lingual nerve which anaesthetising stops sensation to the lingual aspect of the gingiva, floor of the mouth and the tongue to the midline on that particular side
In human anatomy, the mandibular canal is a canal within the mandible that contains the inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein. It runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus, and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings.
nerve block – injection containing local anaesthetic is delivered to an earlier branch of a nerve. For example, the inferior alveolar nerve block can be used to anaesthetise all the lower teeth. [2] The two most commonly used local anaesthetics in the UK are lidocaine and articaine. [3]
The inferior alveolar nerve splits into its two terminal branches within the mandibular canal: the mental nerve (which exits the mandible through the mental foramen), and the incisive nerve which represents an anterior continuation of the inferior alveolar nerve and continues to course within the mandible in the mandibular incisive canal.
The inferior alveolar nerve passes lateral to the raphe; the raphe is therefore a landmark for a nerve block of this nerve. [ 2 ] The general location of the raphe is indicated by the pterygomandibular fold.