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Drosophila is a genus of flies of the family Drosophilidae. It comprises over 1600 described species, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] but is estimated to have several thousands. [ 3 ] Alfred Sturtevant divided Drosophila into a number of subgenera , including Drosophila , Sophophora , and Dorsilopha .
Drosophila (/ d r ə ˈ s ɒ f ɪ l ə, d r ɒ-, d r oʊ-/ [1] [2]) is a genus of fly, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
Drosophila is sometimes referred to as a pest due to its tendency to live in human settlements where fermenting fruit is found. Flies may collect in homes, restaurants, stores, and other locations. [15] The name and behavior of this species of fly have led to the misconception that it is a biological security risk in Australia and
The Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup contains 9 species of flies, including the best known species Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans. The subgroup belongs to the Drosophila melanogaster species group within the subgenus Sophophora .
The best known species of the Drosophilidae is Drosophila melanogaster, within the genus Drosophila, also called the "fruit fly." Drosophila melanogaster is used extensively for studies concerning genetics, development, physiology, ecology and behaviour. Many fundamental biological mechanisms were discovered first in D. melanogaster. [2]
This species was discovered by the fly geneticist Alfred Sturtevant in 1919, when he noticed that the flies used in Thomas Hunt Morgan's laboratory at the Columbia University were actually two distinct species: D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Males differ in the external genitalia, while trained observers can separate females using colour ...
Drosophila subobscura is a species of fruit fly in the family Drosophilidae. Originally found around the Mediterranean , it has spread to most of Europe and the Near East. It has been introduced into the west coasts of Canada, the United States, and Chile.
Currently, 10 species groups are recognized, in two main groups, the New World and the Old World [5] [6] [7] Old World: melanogaster species group (65 species, including D. melanogaster and D. simulans) montium species group (88) ananassae species group (24) obscura species group (44) dentissima species group (17) fima species group (23) dispar ...