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A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
A caliphate (Arabic: خِلَافَةْ, romanized: khilāfah) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph [1] [2] [3] (/ ˈ k æ l ɪ f, ˈ k eɪ-/; خَلِيفَةْ khalīfa [xæ'liːfæh], pronunciation ⓘ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim ...
Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (Arabic: أبو حفص الهاشمي القرشي) is the fifth and current caliph [a] of the Islamic State.He was named as caliph on 3 August 2023, in an audio message by the spokesperson of the IS, Abu Hudhayfah Al-Ansari, whose announcement came four months after the death of his predecessor Abu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-Qurashi.
Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books [5] Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school: Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books [6] Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles: Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith ...
Muhammad and the Rashidun Caliphs. 6th century CE (23 BH – 13 BH) The Umayyad Caliphate, the Abbasid Caliphate and its fragmentation, the Mamluk Sultanate, the Delhi Sultanate. 7th century CE (23 BH – 81 AH) 8th century CE (81 AH – 184 AH) 9th century CE (184 AH – 288 AH) 10th century CE (288 AH – 391 AH) 11th century CE (391 AH ...
Founder of Mamluk Caliphate of Cairo under the auspices of Mamluk ruler Baybars. In 1261, The Later Abbasids was succeeded by Caliphs of the Mamluk Sultanate in Cairo. Installed as Caliph in Cairo, Egypt by the Mamluk Sultan Baybars in 1261. Title also claimed by al-Hakim I, installed as caliph by the ruler of Aleppo, Aqqush al-Burli; 2
Khalifa or Khalifah (Arabic: خليفة, romanized: Khalīfa; commonly "caliph" in English) is a name or title which means "successor", "ruler" or "leader".It most commonly refers to the leader of a Caliphate, but is also used as a title among various Islamic religious groups and others.
The title Rashidun comes from the belief in Sunni Islam that the caliphs were 'rightly guided' (the meaning of al-Rāshidūn; الراشدون), and therefore constituted a religious model to be followed and emulated. [3] The caliphs are also known in Muslim history as the "orthodox" or "patriarchal" caliphs. [4]