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Twelve species belong to the monophyletic "true fox" group of genus Vulpes. Another 25 current or extinct species are sometimes called foxes – they are part of the paraphyletic group of the South American foxes or an outlying group, which consists of the bat-eared fox, gray fox, and island fox. [1] Foxes live on every continent except Antarctica.
The South American gray fox, Lycalopex griseus, is the most common species, and is known for its large ears and a highly marketable, russet-fringed pelt. The second-oldest known fossils belonging to the genus were discovered in Chile , and date from 2.0 to 2.5 million years ago, in the mid- to late Pliocene . [ 4 ]
The culpeo is a canid intermediate in size between a red fox and a coyote. It is the second-largest native canid on the continent after the maned wolf. In appearance, it bears many similarities to the widely recognized red fox. It has grey and reddish fur, a white chin, reddish legs and a stripe on its back that may be barely visible.
The kit fox is a socially monogamous species, [17] and the mated pair remains together throughout the year. [3] However, polygamous mating relationships have been observed. [14] Female foxes begin searching for natal dens in September and October and usually usable dens are visited and cleaned of debris before the final selection is made.
Juvenile red foxes are known as kits. Males are called tods or dogs, females are called vixens, and young are known as cubs or kits. [14] Although the Arctic fox has a small native population in northern Scandinavia, and while the corsac fox's range extends into European Russia, the red fox is the only fox native to Western Europe, and so is simply called "the fox" in colloquial British English.
The spiritual meaning behind seeing a grey fox is far different than when seeing a red one. Mello's take on the spiritual meaning of a gray fox is that it "represent[s] our need for isolation and ...
Pampas fox dentition (right) compared with that of red fox (left) The Pampas fox resembles the culpeo or Andean fox in appearance and size, but has a proportionately wider snout, reddish fur on the head and neck, and a black mark on the muzzle. Its short, dense fur is grey over most of the body, with a black line running down the back and onto ...
Male fennec fox mounting a female. Fennec foxes mate for life. [29] Captive animals reach sexual maturity at around nine months and mate between January and April. [30] [31] Female fennec foxes are in estrus for an average of 24 hours and usually breed once per year; the copulation tie lasts up to two hours and 45 minutes. [32]