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Finger whistling is harder to control but achieves a piercing volume. In Boito's opera Mefistofele the title character uses it to express his defiance of the Almighty. Whistling can also be produced by blowing air through enclosed, cupped hands or through an external instrument , such as a whistle or even a blade of grass or leaf.
It is also called a hand ocarina or hand whistle. To produce sound, the player creates a chamber of air with their hands, into which they blow air via an opening at the thumbs. There are two common techniques involving the shape of the hand chamber: the "cupped hand" technique and the "interlock" technique. [1]
Different whistling styles may be used in a single language. Sochiapam Chinantec has three different words for whistle-speech: sie 3 for whistling with the tongue against the alveolar ridge, jui̵ 32 for bilabial whistling, and juo 2 for finger-in-the-mouth whistling. These are used for communication over varying distances.
The common "whistle" term hūshào (for which hū can be written 呼 "exhale; shout", 忽 "disdainful; sudden", or 唿 "sad") refers to a type of shrill, forceful finger whistling that is often mentioned in traditional Chinese short stories and novels of the Ming and Qing periods as a kind of remote signaling or calling. [13]
The event included the whistling contest, a concert with guest whistlers, and the Whistling Museum. [4] In addition to the musical competition, awards were also given for bird calls, animal sources, and the loudest whistle. [4] The grand champion for both years was Tobe Sherrill, a student from Greensboro, North Carolina. [4]
The Tusculum whistle is a 14-cm whistle with six finger holes, made of brass or bronze, found with pottery dating to the 14th and 15th centuries; it is currently in the collections of the National Museums Scotland.
In modern scores, the fingers are numbered from 1 to 5 on each hand: the thumb is 1, the index finger is 2, the middle finger is 3, the ring finger is 4 and the little finger is 5. Earlier usage varied by region. In Britain in the 19th century, the thumb was shown by a cross (+) or number 0 and the fingers were numbered from 1 to 4.
A 1919 Kaval. Bone ferrules decorated on the lathe with turned grooves and bird's eye decorations are applied with a preshaped cutting tool. While typically made of wood (cornel cherry, apricot, plum, boxwood, mountain ash, etc.), kavals are also made from water buffalo horn, Arundo donax Linnaeus 1753 (Persian reed), metal and plastic.