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The Atbash cipher is a particular type of monoalphabetic cipher formed by taking the alphabet (or abjad, syllabary, etc.) and mapping it to its reverse, so that the first letter becomes the last letter, the second letter becomes the second to last letter, and so on. For example, the Hebrew alphabet would work like this:
In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code, or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet .
As of Unicode version 16.0, there are 155,063 characters with code points, covering 168 modern and historical scripts, as well as multiple symbol sets.This article includes the 1,062 characters in the Multilingual European Character Set 2 subset, and some additional related characters.
Ǝ ǝ (turned E or reversed E) is an additional letter of the Latin alphabet used in African languages using the Pan-Nigerian alphabet. The minuscule is based on a rotated e and the capital form majuscule Ǝ , based on a reversed (mirrored) majuscule E.
Swedish Dialect Alphabet: ʎ 𐞠 Turned y IPA (palatal lateral approximant); Maltese (before 1946); Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [7] 𝼆 𐞡 Turned y with belt Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for disordered speech (extIPA); [12] [13] Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [12] [13] ⅄ Turned sans ...
In this table, parentheses mark letters that stand in for themselves or for another. For instance, a rotated 'b' would be a 'q', and indeed some physical typefaces didn't bother with distinct sorts for lowercase b vs. q, d vs. p, or n vs. u; while a rotated 's' or 'z' would be itself.
The character ∂ (Unicode: U+2202) is a stylized cursive d mainly used as a mathematical symbol, usually to denote a partial derivative such as / (read as "the partial derivative of z with respect to x").
Ƨ was used in the Zhuang alphabet from 1957 to 1986 to indicate the second, or falling, tone (IPA:), due to its resemblance to the numeral 2, along with four other letters resembling numbers. (See: Table). In 1986, Ƨ was replaced by the similarly shaped, but more common Z, when the alphabet was simplified for use in computers.