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Drop of water on 100% polyester textile. Waterproof/breathable fabrics resist liquid water passing through, but allow water vapour to pass through. Their ability to block out rain and snow while allowing vapour from sweat to evaporate leads to their use in rainwear, waterproof outdoor sports clothing, tents, and other applications.
Durable water repellents are commonly used in conjunction with waterproof breathable fabrics such as Gore-Tex to prevent the outer layer of fabric from becoming saturated with water. This saturation, called 'wetting out,' can reduce the garment's breathability (moisture transport through the breathable membrane) and let water through.
Air permeability is the ability of a fabric to allow air to pass through it. While air permeable fabrics tend to have relatively high moisture vapor transmission, it is not necessary to be air permeable to be breathable. Moisture Vapor Transfer (MVT) in waterproof fabrics occurs by two processes:
Fabric softeners impart soft hand feel to the treated fabrics. [3] Silk surfacing a surface finishing of cotton to obtain an appearance similar to silk. [8] Plissé is chemical finish in which the fabrics are treated with sodium hydroxide to obtain a puckering effect. [9] Deweighting, or weight reduction, is a treatment for polyester to make it ...
Gore-Tex is W. L. Gore & Associates's trade name for waterproof, breathable fabric membrane. It was invented in 1969. Gore-Tex blocks liquid water while allowing water vapor to pass through and is designed to be a lightweight, waterproof fabric for all-weather use.
Polyurethane laminate (PUL, thermal stretch, [1] fuzzy rubber [1]) is a compound fabric made by laminating a cloth fabric to one or both sides of a thin film of polyurethane. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Polyurethane laminated fabrics have a wide range of applications in medical, automotive and garment uses.
Sympatex is a type of fabric that is branded as waterproof but "breathable", made or licensed by Sympatex Technologies GmbH a company founded in 1986. [ 2 ] [ 1 ] The fabric features a waterproof, windproof and breatheable membrane that is laminated to fabrics either on its inner surface or sandwiched between two fabric layers (often marketed ...
Values (US units) range from 1.6 for 80-gram fabric to 2.9 for 200-gram fabric. [13] Thinsulate is considered "the warmest thin apparel insulation" available. In fact, when equal thicknesses are compared, it provides about 1½ times the warmth of down and about twice the warmth of other high-loft insulation materials.