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  2. Laryngeal consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_consonant

    Laryngeal consonants (a term often used interchangeably with guttural consonants) are consonants with their primary articulation in the general region of the larynx. The laryngeal consonants comprise the pharyngeal consonants (including the epiglottals), the glottal consonants , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and for some languages uvular consonants .

  3. RFE Phonetic Alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFE_Phonetic_Alphabet

    The RFE Phonetic Alphabet, named for a journal of philology, the Revista de Filología Española, 'Review of Spanish Philology' (RFE), is a phonetic alphabet originally developed in 1915 for the languages and dialects of Iberian origin, primarily Spanish.

  4. Spanish phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology

    Second consonant (C 4): Always /s/ in native Spanish words. [102] Other consonants, except /ɲ/, /ʝ/ and /ʎ/, are tolerated as long as they are less sonorous than the first consonant in the coda, such as in York or the Catalan last name Brucart, but the final element is sometimes deleted in colloquial speech. [109]

  5. Glossary of sound laws in the Indo-European languages

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_sound_laws_in...

    Laryngeal consonants are lost between a vowel and any other consonant in pretonic syllables. [13] [14] Examples of this include Proto-Celtic *wiro-(whence Old Irish fer 'man'), Latin vir 'man', and Old English wer 'man', all of which are derived from Proto-Indo-European *wiHró-. If the vowel is long before the process occurs, it is shortened.

  6. Labial consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labial_consonant

    For example, the Spanish consonant written b or v is pronounced, between vowels, as a voiced bilabial approximant. Lip rounding, or labialization, is a common approximant-like co-articulatory feature. English /w/ is a voiced labialized velar approximant, which is far more common than the purely labial approximant [β̞].

  7. List of consonants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_consonants

    1.5 Laryngeal consonants. 1.5.1 Pharyngeal consonants. ... This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, ...

  8. Laryngeal theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_theory

    Before the development of laryngeal theory, scholars compared Greek, Latin and Sanskrit (then considered earliest daughter languages) and concluded the existence in these contexts of a schwa (ə) vowel in PIE, the schwa indogermanicum. The contexts are: 1. between consonants (short vowel); 2. word initial before a consonant (short vowel); 3.

  9. Voiceless alveolar affricate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_affricate

    The voiceless alveolar lateral affricate [t͡ɬ] is found in certain languages, such as Cherokee, Mexican Spanish, and Nahuatl. The voiceless alveolar retracted sibilant affricate [t͡s̺] , also called apico-alveolar or grave, has a weak hushing sound reminiscent of retroflex affricates.