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Problems with balance can occur when there is a disruption in any of the vestibular, visual, or proprioceptive systems. Abnormalities in balance function may indicate a wide range of pathologies from causes like inner ear disorders, low blood pressure, brain tumors, and brain injury including stroke.
In vestibular neuritis the onset of vertigo is sudden, and the nystagmus occurs even when the person has not been moving. [9] In this condition vertigo can last for days. [2] More severe causes should also be considered, [9] especially if other problems such as weakness, headache, double vision, or numbness occur. [2]
The cause is often not clear. It may be due to a virus, but it can also arise from bacterial infection, head injury, extreme stress, an allergy, or as a reaction to medication. 30% of affected people had a common cold prior to developing the disease. [1] Either bacterial or viral labyrinthitis can cause a permanent hearing loss in rare cases. [7]
Neurologic disorders tend to cause constant vertigo or disequilibrium and usually have other symptoms of neurologic dysfunction associated with the vertigo. Many medications used to treat seizures, depression, anxiety, and pain affect the vestibular system and the central nervous system which can cause the symptom of disequilibrium. [21]
The most common vestibular diseases in humans are vestibular neuritis, a related condition called labyrinthitis, Ménière's disease, and BPPV. In addition, the vestibular system's function can be affected by tumours on the vestibulocochlear nerve , an infarct in the brain stem or in cortical regions related to the processing of vestibular ...
Here is an explanation of some of the effects on human health caused by space travel. As a result, trekking beyond the Earth's confines causes many physiological changes that affect an astronaut's ...
The root cause of the process is unclear and may vary from patient to patient, but can have auto-immune, viral, and/or allergic triggers, among others. [2] The build-up of endolymph creates pressure in the scala media. This causes its diameter to increase, and the vestibular membrane to curve outwards in the direction of the vestibule. The ...
Symptoms can include: [citation needed] A constant sense of unsteadiness, rocking or swaying, dizziness or lightheadedness; Disequilibrium on most days for at least 3 months; Spatial orientation problems; Off-kilter sensation; Extreme sensitivity to movement and/or complex visual stimuli such as grocery stores or driving in certain weather ...