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Stage III: The lymphoma is on both sides of the diaphragm, [2] either in lymph nodes both above and below the diaphragm, or in lymph nodes above the diaphragm and in the spleen. [2] Stage IV: The lymphoma is in one or more organs beyond the lymphatic system, such as the liver, lungs, bone marrow, or cerebrospinal fluid. [2]
[3] [13] [14] Diagnosis, if enlarged lymph nodes are present, is usually by lymph node biopsy. [1] [2] Blood, urine, and bone marrow testing may also be useful in the diagnosis. [2] Medical imaging may then be done to determine if and where the cancer has spread. [1] [2] Lymphoma most often spreads to the lungs, liver, and brain. [1] [2]
Lung cancer can start in various portions of the lung. From there it spreads in fairly predictable pattern. Typically, if lung cancer spreads, it first goes to nearby lymph nodes, followed by lymph nodes further away located between the lungs in a space called the mediastinum.
Surgery is normally followed by chemotherapy. In cases where tumour were found in the lymph nodes, radiation therapy to the chest is usually advised after resection. The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Lung Cancer Staging Project demonstrated five‐year survival rates after resection as below: [8]
Chest pain or fever can also be symptoms — as well as swollen lymph nodes, which Coulier experienced. B cell lymphoma — the specific type Coulier has — is "rare," the Mayo Clinic says.
N: degree of spread to regional lymph nodes. Nx: lymph nodes cannot be assessed; N0: no regional lymph nodes metastasis; N1: regional lymph node metastasis present; at some sites, tumor spread to closest or small number of regional lymph nodes; N2: tumor spread to an extent between N1 and N3 (N2 is not used at all sites)
Whether a cancer is designated as Stage II or Stage III can depend on the specific type of cancer; for example, in Hodgkin's Disease, Stage II indicates affected lymph nodes on only one side of the diaphragm, whereas Stage III indicates affected lymph nodes above and below the diaphragm. The specific criteria for Stages II and III therefore ...
As with colorectal cancer, a high BMI may also further increase your risks, the ACS says. Coulier’s main symptom — severely swollen lymph nodes — is a common first sign of NHL, Barnett says ...