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In hematology, essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare chronic blood cancer (myeloproliferative neoplasm) characterised by the overproduction of platelets (thrombocytes) by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. [ 3 ] It may, albeit rarely, develop into acute myeloid leukemia or myelofibrosis. [ 3 ] It is one of the blood cancers wherein the bone ...
Reactive thrombocythemia is the most common cause of a high platelet count. It accounts for 88% to 97% of thrombocythemia cases in adults, and near 100% in children. In adults, acute infection, tissue damage, chronic inflammation and malignancy are the common causes of reactive thrombocythemia. Usually, one or more of these conditions is ...
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), also known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or immune thrombocytopenia, is an autoimmune primary disorder of hemostasis characterized by a low platelet count in the absence of other causes. [1][2] ITP often results in an increased risk of bleeding from mucosal surfaces (such as the nose or gums) or ...
Deep vein thrombosis. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thrombosis involving the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs or pelvis. [9][a] A minority of DVTs occur in the arms. [11] Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, and enlarged veins in the affected area, but some DVTs have no symptoms. [1]
Erythromelalgia or Mitchell's disease (after Silas Weir Mitchell) is a rare vascular peripheral pain disorder in which blood vessels, usually in the lower extremities or hands, are episodically blocked (frequently on and off daily), then become hyperemic and inflamed. There is severe burning pain (in the small fiber sensory nerves) and skin ...
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a blood disorder that results in blood clots forming in small blood vessels throughout the body. [ 2 ] This results in a low platelet count, low red blood cells due to their breakdown, and often kidney, heart, and brain dysfunction. [ 1 ] Symptoms may include large bruises, fever, weakness, shortness ...
A megakaryocyte (from mega- 'large' karyo- ' cell nucleus ' and -cyte ' cell ') is a large bone marrow cell with a lobated nucleus that produces blood platelets (thrombocytes), which are necessary for normal clotting. In humans, megakaryocytes usually account for 1 out of 10,000 bone marrow cells, but can increase in number nearly 10-fold ...
One common definition of thrombocytopenia requiring emergency treatment is a platelet count below 50,000/μL. [5] Thrombocytopenia can be contrasted with the conditions associated with an abnormally high level of platelets in the blood – thrombocythemia (when the cause is unknown), and thrombocytosis (when the cause is known). [6] [7]