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Endocrinology. Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs; / ˌlaɪsəˈsoʊməl /) are a group of over 70 rare inherited metabolic disorders that result from defects in lysosomal function. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Lysosomes are sacs of enzymes within cells that digest large molecules and pass the fragments on to other parts of the cell for recycling.
Mucopolysaccharidosis. Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of metabolic disorders caused by the absence or malfunctioning of lysosomal enzymes needed to break down molecules called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). These long chains of sugar carbohydrates occur within the cells that help build bone, cartilage, tendons, corneas, skin and connective tissue.
Gaucher's disease is the most common of the lysosomal storage diseases. [2] It is a form of sphingolipidosis (a subgroup of lysosomal storage diseases), as it involves dysfunctional metabolism of sphingolipids. [3] The disease is named after the French physician Philippe Gaucher, who originally described it in 1882. [4]
Fabry disease, also known as Anderson–Fabry disease, is a rare genetic disease that can affect many parts of the body, including the kidneys, heart, brain, and skin. [1] Fabry disease is one of a group of conditions known as lysosomal storage diseases .
Cystinosis is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cystine, the oxidized dimer of the amino acid cysteine. [3] It is a genetic disorder that follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from accumulation of free cystine in lysosomes, eventually ...
Alpha-mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder, [1] first described by Swedish physician Okerman in 1967. [2] In humans it is known to be caused by an autosomal recessive genetic mutation in the gene MAN2B1, located on chromosome 19, affecting the production of the enzyme alpha-D-mannosidase, resulting in its deficiency.
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is a family of at least eight genetically separate neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases that result from excessive accumulation of lipopigments (lipofuscin) in the body's tissues. [ 1 ] These lipopigments are made up of fats and proteins.
This birth defect, which is autosomal recessive, is a type of lysosomal storage disorder. The buildup of GAGs in different parts of the body causes symptoms in many different organ systems. [2]: 544 In the US, the incidence rate for Morquio syndrome is estimated at between 1 in 200,000 and 1 in 300,000 live births. [1] [3]