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  2. Foregrounding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foregrounding

    Foregrounding is a concept in literary studies that concerns making a linguistic utterance (word, clause, phrase, phoneme, etc.) stand out from the surrounding linguistic context, from given literary traditions, or from more general world knowledge. [1] It is "the 'throwing into relief' of the linguistic sign against the background of the norms ...

  3. Background, foreground, sideground and postground ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Background,_foreground...

    Background, foreground, sideground and postground intellectual property. In the context of research and development (R&D) collaborations, background, foreground, sideground and postground intellectual property (IP) are four distinct forms of intellectual property assets. These are included in the broader and more general categories of knowledge ...

  4. Foreground and background - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreground_and_background

    Foreground-background, a scheduling algorithm that is used to control execution of multiple processes on a single processor. Foreground-background segmentation, a method for studying change blindness using photographs with distinct foreground and background scenery. Foreground detection, a concept in computer vision to detect changes in image ...

  5. Figure–ground (perception) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figure–ground_(perception)

    Figure–ground (perception) Figure–ground organization is a type of perceptual grouping that is a vital necessity for recognizing objects through vision. In Gestalt psychology it is known as identifying a figure from the back ground. For example, black words on a printed paper are seen as the "figure", and the white sheet as the "background ...

  6. Structural level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_level

    Fundamental structure. Play ⓘ. In Schenkerian analysis, a structural level is a representation of a piece of music at a different level of abstraction, with levels typically including foreground, middleground, and background. [1] According to Schenker musical form is "an energy transformation, as a transformation of the forces that flow from ...

  7. Forced perspective - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_perspective

    Forced perspective is a technique that employs optical illusion to make an object appear farther away, closer, larger or smaller than it actually is. It manipulates human visual perception through the use of scaled objects and the correlation between them and the vantage point of the spectator or camera.

  8. Bokeh - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokeh

    Note the 'swirly' bokeh. How the bokeh varies with the aperture. In photography, bokeh (/ ˈboʊkə / BOH-kə or / ˈboʊkeɪ / BOH-kay; [ 1 ]Japanese: [boke]) is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in out-of-focus parts of an image, whether foreground or background or both. It is created by using a wide aperture lens.

  9. Phase-contrast microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_microscopy

    Phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) is an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness changes in the image. Phase shifts themselves are invisible, but become visible when shown as brightness variations. When light waves travel through a medium other than a vacuum, interaction ...