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Hyperkalemia can occur following an overdose of spironolactone, and this is especially so in people with decreased kidney function. [8] Spironolactone has been studied at extremely high oral doses of up to 2,400 mg per day in clinical trials. [107] [168] Its oral median lethal dose (LD 50) is more than 1,000 mg/kg in mice, rats, and rabbits. [8]
However, spironolactone is metabolized to three active metabolites, which give it prolonged activity (13.8 – 16. 5 hours). Spironolactone has a long half-life and is excreted 47-51% through kidneys. Patients with chronic kidney disease therefore require close monitoring when taking the drug. Spironolactone is also eliminated through feces (35-41%
Spironolactone inhibits the effects of mineralocorticoids, namely, aldosterone, by displacing them from the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the cortical collecting duct of kidney nephrons. This decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water while limiting the excretion of potassium.
Spironolactone is an acne treatment prescribed by dermatologists. Find out how spironolactone improves the appearance of hormonal acne, side effects, and more. Everything I Wish I Knew About ...
An FDA-approved medication already used to treat people who have type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease may also help lower their stroke and heart attack risk, a new study has found.
When the kidneys detect low blood pressure, the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) is activated and eventually, aldosterone is secreted. Aldosterone binds to aldosterone receptors (mineralocorticoid receptors) increasing sodium reabsorption in an effort to increase blood pressure and improve fluid status in the body.
Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. [1] There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.
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