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  2. Volcano plot (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano_plot_(statistics)

    Volcano plot showing metabolomic data. The red arrows indicate points-of-interest that display both large magnitude fold-changes (x axis) and high statistical significance (-log 10 of p value, y axis). The dashed red line shows where p = 0.05 with points above the line having p < 0.05 and points below the line having p > 0.05.

  3. Parabolic coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_coordinates

    The two-dimensional parabolic coordinates form the basis for two sets of three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates. The parabolic cylindrical coordinates are produced by projecting in the -direction. Rotation about the symmetry axis of the parabolae produces a set of confocal paraboloids, the coordinate system of tridimensional parabolic ...

  4. Parabola - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabola

    The statements above presume the knowledge of the axis direction of the parabola, in order to construct the points ,. The following property determines the points Q 1 , Q 2 {\displaystyle Q_{1},Q_{2}} by two given points and their tangents only, and the result is that the line Q 1 Q 2 {\displaystyle Q_{1}Q_{2}} is parallel to the axis of the ...

  5. Parabolic trajectory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_trajectory

    The green path in this image is an example of a parabolic trajectory. A parabolic trajectory is depicted in the bottom-left quadrant of this diagram, where the gravitational potential well of the central mass shows potential energy, and the kinetic energy of the parabolic trajectory is shown in red.

  6. Parametric equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric_equation

    With the Cartesian equation it is easier to check whether a point lies on the circle or not. With the parametric version it is easier to obtain points on a plot. In some contexts, parametric equations involving only rational functions (that is fractions of two polynomials) are preferred, if they exist.

  7. Rotation matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix

    That intuition is correct, but does not carry over to higher dimensions. For example, if we decompose 3 × 3 rotation matrices in axis–angle form, the angle should not be uniformly distributed; the probability that (the magnitude of) the angle is at most θ should be ⁠ 1 / π ⁠ (θ − sin θ), for 0 ≤ θ ≤ π.

  8. Paraboloid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraboloid

    In this position, the hyperbolic paraboloid opens downward along the x-axis and upward along the y-axis (that is, the parabola in the plane x = 0 opens upward and the parabola in the plane y = 0 opens downward). Any paraboloid (elliptic or hyperbolic) is a translation surface, as it can be generated by a moving parabola directed by a second ...

  9. Gaussian curvature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_curvature

    Some points on the torus have positive, some have negative, and some have zero Gaussian curvature. In differential geometry , the Gaussian curvature or Gauss curvature Κ of a smooth surface in three-dimensional space at a point is the product of the principal curvatures , κ 1 and κ 2 , at the given point: K = κ 1 κ 2 . {\displaystyle K ...