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Swarm intelligence (SI) is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, natural or artificial. The concept is employed in work on artificial intelligence. The expression was introduced by Gerardo Beni and Jing Wang in 1989, in the context of cellular robotic systems. [1] [2]
The design of swarm robotics systems is guided by swarm intelligence principles, which promote fault tolerance, scalability, and flexibility. [1] Unlike distributed robotic systems in general, swarm robotics emphasizes a large number of robots. While various formulations of swarm intelligence principles exist, one widely recognized set includes:
Unanimous AI is an American technology company provides artificial swarm intelligence (ASI) technology. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Unanimous AI provides a "human swarming" platform "swarm.ai" (formally called UNU) that allows distributed groups of users to collectively predict answers to questions.
Software is expected to have another great year in 2025 fueled by ongoing and rising investment in artificial intelligence (AI). 3 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Software Names to Buy in 2025 ...
Rosenberg developed artificial swarm intelligence, which is intended to amplify the collective intelligence of networked human groups (2014–2023), [2] [3] [4] He developed the haptic computer mouse and haptic GUI (1993–1999) [5] [6] and did work to develop augmented reality at the Air Force Research Laboratory (1991–1994).
Swarm robots are limited by interference and collisions, uncertainty, lack of specialization, and lack of understanding of the behavioral pattern of the swarm. [12] Biohybrid robotics have challenges with living cells being delicate even though they are adaptable to a variety of environments due to the properties of the biological material. [13]
The book by Kennedy and Eberhart [5] describes many philosophical aspects of PSO and swarm intelligence. An extensive survey of PSO applications is made by Poli . [ 6 ] [ 7 ] In 2017, a comprehensive review on theoretical and experimental works on PSO has been published by Bonyadi and Michalewicz.
Simple reflex agent Learning agent. A multi-agent system (MAS or "self-organized system") is a computerized system composed of multiple interacting intelligent agents. [1] Multi-agent systems can solve problems that are difficult or impossible for an individual agent or a monolithic system to solve. [2]