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In addition, A. caninum can also cause intestinal inflammation with signs of an acute abdomen. [84] [85] Of the filariae, the heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) and Dirofilaria repens are zoonotic agents. D. immitis rarely causes disease in humans, although about 20% of the population in endemic areas have antibodies. In most cases, larval ...
Ancylostoma caninum is a species of nematode known as a hookworm, which principally infects the small intestine of dogs. [1] [2] [3] The result of A. caninum infection ranges from asymptomatic cases to death of the dog; better nourishment, increasing age, prior A. caninum exposure, or vaccination are all linked to improved survival.
White dog shaker syndrome causes full body tremors in small, white dog breeds. It is most common in West Highland White Terriers, Maltese, Bichons, and Poodles. [6] Wobbler disease (cervical instability) is a condition of the cervical vertebrae that causes an unsteady gait and weakness in dogs.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) being the principal types. [3] Crohn's disease affects the small intestine and large intestine, as well as the mouth, esophagus, stomach and the anus, whereas UC primarily affects the colon ...
Suspected causes include abnormal responses to bacteria or bacterial endotoxin, or a hypersensitivity to food. [2] Pathologically there is an increase in the permeability of the intestinal lining and a leakage of blood and proteins into the bowel. Clostridium perfringens has been found in large numbers in the intestines of many affected dogs. [1]
Fecal calprotectin may assist in distinguishing SCAD from irritable bowel syndrome. [8] Imaging tests, including CT abdomen, may show inflammation or thickening of the distal colon, with associated diverticulosis. There may be evidence of inflammation extending around the bowel (fat stranding).
Focal, irregular and asymmetrical gastrointestinal wall thickening on CT scan suggests a malignancy. [9] Segmental or diffuse gastrointestinal wall thickening is most often due to ischemic, inflammatory or infectious disease. [9] Though less common, medications such as ACE inhibitors can cause angioedema and small bowel thickening. [10]
The normal thickness of the small intestinal wall is 3–5 mm, [6] and 1–5 mm in the large intestine. [7] Focal, irregular and asymmetrical gastrointestinal wall thickening suggests a malignancy. [7] Segmental or diffuse gastrointestinal wall thickening is most often due to ischemic, inflammatory or infectious disease. [7]