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A hotbed of the Indian independence movement through the early 20th century, Bengal was partitioned during India's independence in 1947 along religious lines into two separate entities: West Bengal—a state of India—and East Bengal—a part of the newly created Dominion of Pakistan that later became the independent nation of Bangladesh in 1971.
The two main rail lines in Eastern Bengal and Assam were the Eastern Bengal Railway and the Assam Bengal Railway. The port city of Chittagong was the main rail terminus, as routes connected the interior hinterland with the main regional maritime gateway. Railways were vital for the export of tea, jute and petroleum.
East Bengal had a coastline along the Bay of Bengal to the south, and bordered India to the north, west, and east and shared a small border with Burma (presently known as Myanmar) to the southeast. It was situated near, but did not share a border with Nepal , Tibet , the Kingdom of Bhutan and the Kingdom of Sikkim .
The western part (Bengal) gained parts of Orissa, while the eastern part (Eastern Bengal and Assam) gained Assam that had been made a separate province in 1874. In the first few centuries of the second millennium , the level of independence of Bengal was fought over by the governors of Bengal and by the rulers of Delhi .
The reorganization separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas. Announced on 16 October 1905 by Lord Curzon, then Viceroy of India, and implemented West Bengal for Hindus and East Bengal for Muslims, it was undone a mere six years later.
(Local history of Burdwan, West Bengal, India says that Qutub-ud-din Kokah died in a battle against Ali Quli Istajlu alias Sher Afgan in 1610 CE. The tomb where both of them were buried is presently under the surveillance of Archaeological Survey of India.) Jahangir Quli Beg: 1607–1608 In early life, a slave of Akbar's brother, Mirza Muhammad ...
Rumors quickly spread that the British East India Company was amassing forces in Chennai with the intentions of invading Bengal.By the end of May 1757, a large army of 50,000 men had been gathered under the command of Raj Durlabh, and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daula, sent a formal declaration of war to the British authorities in Calcutta.
Nearly 2.2 million Bengali Hindus left Pakistan's East Bengal for India's West Bengal region, and 1.9 million Bengali Muslims left India's West Bengal for Pakistan's East Bengal region immediately after the Partition because of violence and rioting resulting from mobs supporting West Bengal and East Bengal.