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The Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is a method used by registered practitioners to measure the severity of a patient's opioid withdrawal symptoms. This method consists of a series of 11 topics each comprising 4–5 common symptoms experienced by a patient undergoing opioid withdrawal. In each topic a rank is given depending on what the ...
The Journal of Psychoactive Drugs is a peer-reviewed medical journal on psychoactive drugs. It was established in 1967 by David E. Smith and is currently published five times per year by Taylor & Francis. It was previously titled Journal of Psychedelic Drugs until 1980.
The Shulgin Rating Scale (or "quantitative potency scale") is a simple scale for reporting the subjective effect of psychoactive substances at a given dosage, and at a given time.
The authors also warned of the similarities in pharmacology and mechanism of action of the newer nonbenzodiazepine Z drugs. [136] The elimination half-life of diazepam and chlordiazepoxide, as well as other long half-life benzodiazepines, is twice as long in the elderly compared to younger individuals. Many doctors do not adjust benzodiazepine ...
Timothy Leary took LSD and was a well-known proponent of the social use of the drug in the 1960s. [12]: 138 Alexander Shulgin synthesized and self-experimented with a variety of psychoactive drugs, notably MDMA. [43] He developed a system known as the Shulgin Rating Scale for his research group to use during the self-experimentation of ...
Drug use, including alcohol and prescription drugs, can induce symptomatology which resembles mental illness. This can occur both in the intoxicated state and during the withdrawal state. In some cases these substance-induced psychiatric disorders can persist long after detoxification from amphetamine, cocaine, opioid, and alcohol use, causing ...
Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated re-consumption of a psychoactive substance because of an adaptive state that has developed within the individual from psychoactive substance consumption that results in the experience of withdrawal and that necessitates the re-consumption ...
In addition to demonstrated "drug-sensitive" questions, the final form of the inventory (550 "true-false" items) also contains items which were thought to delineate to some extent schizoid and "psychopathic" characteristics. Initial use indicated that the inventory was effective in differentiating various subjective effects of drugs and in ...