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A simple four-frame walk cycle In animation , a walk cycle is a series of frames or illustrations drawn in sequence that loop to create an animation of a walking character. The walk cycle is looped over and over, thus avoiding having to animate each step again.
Frame frequency often varies depending on animation style and is an artistic choice. Animation "on twos" has been used for over 100 years; Fantasmagorie (1908), widely considered the first fully animated movie, was animated on twos. Modern animation uses various techniques to adapt frame rates. Slow movements may be animated on threes or fours.
Frames 2–4 are smear frames, those being elongated inbetweens. In animation, a smear frame is a frame used to simulate motion blur. Smear frames are used in between key frames. [1] This animation technique has been used since the 1940s. [1] Smear frames are used to stylistically visualize fast movement along a path of motion. [2] [3] [4]
Disney's twelve basic principles of animation were introduced by the Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their 1981 book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation. [a] [ 1 ] The principles are based on the work of Disney animators from the 1930s onwards , in their quest to produce more realistic animation.
In animation and filmmaking, a key frame (or keyframe) is a drawing or shot that defines the starting and ending points of a smooth transition. These are called frames because their position in time is measured in frames on a strip of film or on a digital video editing timeline.
Pose to pose is a term used in animation, for creating key poses for characters and then inbetweening them in intermediate frames to make the character appear to move from one pose to the next. Pose-to-pose is used in traditional animation as well as computer-based 3D animation. [ 1 ]
An episode of Colonel Bleep, a 1957 animated serial that relied extensively on limited animation. Hanna-Barbera Productions used limited animation throughout its existence. . When the company's namesakes, William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, separated from the MGM studio in 1957, they opted to take a drastically different approach to animation than they had for their fully animated short films ...
An animation with scratched figures and hand-painted sections. Drawn-on-film animation, also known as direct animation or animation without camera, is an animation technique where footage is produced by creating the images directly on film stock, as opposed to any other form of animation where the images or objects are photographed frame by frame with an animation camera.