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  2. Superposition principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superposition_principle

    The superposition principle, [1] also known as superposition property, states that, for all linear systems, the net response caused by two or more stimuli is the sum of the responses that would have been caused by each stimulus individually.

  3. Quantum superposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_superposition

    Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that states that linear combinations of solutions to the Schrödinger equation are also solutions of the Schrödinger equation. This follows from the fact that the Schrödinger equation is a linear differential equation in time and position.

  4. Relative dating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_dating

    The law of included fragments is a method of relative dating in geology. Essentially, this law states that clasts in a rock are older than the rock itself. [ 6 ] One example of this is a xenolith , which is a fragment of country rock that fell into passing magma as a result of stoping .

  5. Schrödinger's cat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schrödinger's_cat

    The superposition itself had no physical meaning to Bohr: Schrödinger's cat would be either dead or alive long before the box is opened but the cat and box form a inseparable combination. [21] Bohr saw no role for a human observer. [22]: 35 Bohr emphasized the classical nature of measurement results. An "irreversible" or effectively ...

  6. Law of superposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_superposition

    The law of superposition is an axiom that forms one of the bases of the sciences of geology, archaeology, and other fields pertaining to geological stratigraphy.In its plainest form, it states that in undeformed stratigraphic sequences, the oldest strata will lie at the bottom of the sequence, while newer material stacks upon the surface to form new deposits over time.

  7. Nicolas Steno - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Steno

    the law of superposition: "At the time when a given stratum was being formed, there was beneath it another substance which prevented the further descent of the comminuted matter and so at the time when the lowest stratum was being formed either another solid substance was beneath it, or if some fluid existed there, then it was not only of a ...

  8. Measurement in quantum mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement_in_quantum...

    In quantum mechanics, each physical system is associated with a Hilbert space, each element of which represents a possible state of the physical system.The approach codified by John von Neumann represents a measurement upon a physical system by a self-adjoint operator on that Hilbert space termed an "observable".

  9. Glossary of chemistry terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemistry_terms

    Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...