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Unlike overhead line equipment, third-rail systems are not susceptible to strong winds or freezing rain, which can bring down overhead wires and hence disable all trains. Thunderstorms can also disable the power with lightning strikes on systems with overhead wires, disabling trains if there is a power surge or a break in the wires.
All South Korean systems use overhead wires (or rigid conductors), as do most modern mainland Chinese metros. In Europe all significant Spanish systems now have overhead power supply. Modern Latin America urban rail also uses overhead wires, though with some important exceptions. Special group of bottom power supplied railways are rubber-tyred ...
Dual electrification is a system whereby a railway line is supplied power both via overhead catenary and a third rail. This is done to enable trains that use either system of power to share the same railway line, for example in the case of mainline and suburban trains (as used at Hamburg S-Bahn between 1940 and 1955). [1]
Some of these are independent of the contact system used, so that, for example, 750 V DC may be used with either third rail or overhead lines. There are many other voltage systems used for railway electrification systems around the world, and the list of railway electrification systems covers both standard voltage and non-standard voltage systems.
overhead line or; conductor rail, usually a third rail to one side of the running rails. Conductor rail can be: top contact: oldest, least safe, most affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves. Protection boards are installed on most top contact systems, which increases safety and reduces these affections.
The Island Line used 660 V DC third rail, [47] as it was a cheaper option to convert the LUL stock into third rail, and implement third rail only on the line. The rolling stock currently used is British Rail Class 484s . The line was upgraded to a 750 V DC third rail system in 2021 to allow Class 484 units to be used. [48] London Overground
Overhead feeding rail on the RER Line C trenches and tunnels in central Paris Compound catenary equipment of JR West An older rail bridge in Berwick-upon-Tweed, retrofitted to include overhead catenary lines. A catenary is a system of overhead wires used to supply electricity to a locomotive, tram , or light rail vehicle that is equipped with a ...
A third-rail system was used for most of the line except overhead trolley wire was installed between Mickle Street in Camden and Gloucester City as well as a 10-mile (16 km) segment between Newfield and Millville. The Camden-Gloucester City portion was installed due to a decision to use the old Camden Seventh Street line as part of the route.